"For example, if we give a test in mathematics to a group of subjects and they get low scores, does it mean that the test was too difficult or the subjects had poor knowledge of mathematics? To answer this type of question, item response theory (IRT) can be used. "Their authors relied on classical test theory methods, which, despite their advantages, are unable to distinguish between the characteristics of the test and those of the subjects, while this distinction is essential," says Yulia Tumeneva, co-author of the study and senior research fellow of the International Laboratory for Education Policy Analysis. When trying to solve a difficult task, mutual activation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems was observed in people with high perseverance scores, while high consistency of interests was associated with low activation of the sympathetic system and showed no correlation whatsoever with the parasympathetic system activation.Īccording to the HSE researchers, a major limitation of earlier studies was their approach to data analysis. Incidentally, physiological data proves that perseverance and consistency of interests do not necessarily correlate. However, explaining why the results were different from those found by Duckworth's team was still problematic. Other studies conducted later on different cohorts, including Americans, also indicate that perseverance of effort and consistency of interests manifest themselves as two different constructs rather than a single one. suggest that since Duckworth's study used samples from Western societies, her findings may not fully apply to the collectivist Filipino culture. Indeed, in his study, consistency of interests was even more common in students with low academic engagement. According to Datu, only perseverance of effort predicted academic engagement, success and subjective well-being, while consistency of interests did not. Based on a sample of students from the Philippines, Jesus Datu and colleagues showed that while the Grit Scale does measure both consistency of interests and perseverance, these are two distinct and independent traits that do not form a single overarching construct. However, new data emerged calling into question the existence of grit as a single trait. In other words, they showed that the two components of grit-perseverance of effort and consistency of interests over time-are sustainably manifested together. In a series of publications, the authors of the concept demonstrated the reliability and internal validity of their questionnaire in measuring grit as a single personality trait. The questionnaire is freely accessible and quite simple, consisting of 12 statements in the long version and six in the short version-yet another factor for its popularity. In psychology, the term has become part of the everyday vocabulary of practitioners as well as academic researchers. Over the past 10 years, the Grit Scale has been widely used in research, and different types of achievement and success have been explained by grit. Indeed, in certain cases, grit proved to be more important for academic and professional success than intelligence. It turns out that individuals who score high on the Grit Scale demonstrate greater achievement in various fields, including military training, medicine, science and competitive sports, than do others of equal intelligence and social status who have lower grit scores. Together with her colleagues, Duckworth developed the Grit Scale. About 10 years ago, American researcher Angela Duckworth added a new term to psychology: grit, meaning hardiness of character and perseverance.
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